Buhari declared winner of Nigeria's Presidential Elections. Our story is not as bleak as presented here. Published. Nigerias annual inflation rate rose to 11.23 percent in August 2018, up from 11.14 percent in July, which was higher than the markets forecast of 11.11 percent. The formulation and effective implementation of policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria is crucial, especially with regard to poverty; unemployment, environmental degradation, injustice, corruption, porous borders, and small arms proliferation. on. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. Required fields are marked *. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. The Nigeria-South Africa Chamber of commerce webinar for January 2021 was held on 28th January 2021. (Trading Economics 2018). In many cases, security personnel assigned to deal with given security situations lack the expertise and equipment to handle the situations in a way to prevents them from occurring. A group of terrorist invades the town meanwhile Smith (Saint Obi) identifies them as former members of squared twelve in the military: Their mission is to disrupt the peace in the nation through. Security and development are also related in the sense that being a public good, the imperative to maintain security competes with other public goods such as education, health, and infrastructure for public funds. It might be by bribery or connections, or by attempting to force someone who lacks quality into a position he does not belong. Factors hindering the development of Nigeria. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels Especially for all of the promises they made on education. Apart from the absence of qualified personnel and relevant ambulance equipment, sustainability is an issue.4 Most government ambulance services started and then quickly collapsed when the. State governments work with insurers to offer programs that can provide insurance for these individuals. There. The problem of Amalgamation: The British colonial authorities constructed Nigeria as a geographical place to make administration easier. Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. Recommended: Problems of the Nigerian educational system. Lastly, state insurance departments assist in making insurance available to consumers. 1 President Jonathan declared a State of Emergency in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe. there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria The last is when. Fikayo Olowolagba. Nigeria once Africas largest economy continues its downward trend due to coronavirus issues, Banditry, Endsars, and other security vices. The conditions are set out in Nigerias 1999 constitution. They prefer blanket references, with the consideration that the causes of insecurity are interwoven and contributory to one another. The following additional powers can be exercised under emergency rule: massive deployment of the armed forces to take charge of security in place of the policy, invasion of peoples privacy (including homes and offices). ppt/slides/_rels/slide13.xml.rels The president has the power to proclaim a state of emergency in any part of Nigeria by publishing the order in the official government gazette. Searches can be conducted without a warrant, suspects can be arrested and detained without being charged, special laws can be enacted to punish those who flout the emergency rules, quasi-judicial bodies can be set up to try offenders, rights to lawful assembly and freedom of expression and communication can be restricted, the Nigerian government can decide to take over the executive and legislative functions of the affected state, destruction and confiscation of private property without compensation to the victims. Therefore, efforts to tackle insecurity can only be effective if there is a robust combination of legislative and judicial interventions with government reforms that address some of the acute human security challenges confronting a vast majority of the population. Nigerian education has a significant difficulty. In fact, it generally reduces lifespan of equipment. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. This frequently causes a sense of perceived unfairness by the government and its agents towards these communities. Being your own boss pays better than anything else. 4 Anambra State - Awka. Rural/Urban Drift The migration of jobless youths from rural areas to urban centers is also one of the causes of insecurity in Nigeria. Many lives have been sacrificed as a result of land ownership disputes, and many more are likely to be lost until these concerns are resolved once and for all. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! There should be an institutionalized approach rather than the episodic and reactive response adopted by the government in the aftermath of attacks. Nigeria is currently experiencing this situation in many parts of the country especially in the terrorist fields of the northern part of Nigeria. [READ MORE] Embassy Messages Alerts Security Alert - Possible Protests Leading to Elections and Restricted Movements on Election Days - February 25 and March 11 Mon, 13 Feb 2023 This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels It was during the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo . Marketing It is not only that a business enterprise must get raw materials for production, but it also must dispose of off their output. List of States in Nigeria and their Capitals: Having looked at the number of states in Nigeria, let us look at their individual capital. Apart from the outright closure of a business enterprise, an existing business can also be affected in the four functional areas of business shown below such as production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). Political leaders have a history of engaging in corrupt practices. This emanates from the cost of taking precautions and payment for private security services. k; 7 ! The history of State of Emergency in Nigerian politics began in 1962 when large-scale irregularities in the. Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with very high rural/urban drift. It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! See Reasons. This will contribute to the countrys unity and build greater trust among all tribes. 13. Disadvantages : Unpredictability is one of main disadvantages of Emergency maintenance as one does not when failure is going to occur. 11. Even if you dont live in Nigeria, youve probably heard of Boko Harams kidnappings of hundreds of children, predominantly girls, from schools and communities in northern Nigeria in 2014. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide8.xml.rels Many educational institutions are now founded and administered on political grounds in many states; entrance to universities, colleges, and polytechnics, particularly universities, is sometimes influenced by politicians rather than academic merit. A State of Emergency Proclamation Enacted to Avert the Threat Against National Existence and Sovereignty: Whereas, it is the government's legal duty and moral responsibility to safeguard the existence and sovereignty of the nation from internal and external enemies; The constitutional powers to declare a state of emergency rests with the president. A state of emergency is a situation which allows the government to increase powers in the area. The "petroleum-rich" Nigerian state, confronted by sociopolitical instability, high degree of corruption, mass hostility to the "public," and poor macroeconomic management, continue to display the attributes of a state in crisis (Akinola, 2008).Successive governments in Nigeria, like in many African states, lack the political will to initiate or sustain policy or structural . The administration has also pledged an equitable transfer of wealth to the people, which should be implemented. Unemployment/Poverty -As a result of the high level of unemployment and poverty among Nigerians, especially the youths, they are adversely attracted to violent crime. Gustafsson-Wright E, Van Der Gaag J (2008). When these situations exist, the crime rate is bound to rise and the security of lives and properties cannot be guaranteed. Recommended: Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria. Any engineer or contractor who does not complete his work properly should be held accountable. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. Abrupt braking. That this report is coming from a Nigerian saddens my heart. When a firm is unable to access raw materials needed for production due to insecurity in the source, it can disrupt production activities. The proclamation must be ratified by the National Assembly made up of the Senate and House of Representatives. Inflation is a significant issue in the country. He spoke on the topic: Security Challenges in Nigeria and the Implications for Business Activities and Sustainable Development. Struggle for power and Politics. EMERGENCY POWERS IN NIGERIA: LEGALAND CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES Mojeed Olujinmi A. Alabi ABSTRACT This article examines both the legal and constitutional validity of the various actions pertaining to the emergency rule in Plateau State, Nigeria. Minimizing downtime by addressing critical issues quickly, Improving the functionality, performance, and reliability of the system, Reducing the risk of system failures and customer dissatisfaction, Flexibility in addressing problems based on the severity and urgency. Across the country, groups have emerged to compete for control of resources located on their land. Politics overtime has done more damage than good in Nigeria, by sometimes leading to loss of life's and properties. Border settlement inside the country is still a work in progress. 8. 1. Disadvantages of declaring a state of emergency If the President had declared a state of emergency in South Africa, there would have been a limitation on the citizens' rights. In addition, there should be a complete overhaul of the security institutions in the country to reflect international standards of best practices so as to pre-empt these security breaches. But no matter what, one has to plan to overcome such emergency situations. National security cannot be invoked as a reason for imposing limitations to prevent merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. It is the bane of our society. Summary. Education system: Students who attend tertiary education institutions are usually unemployed and depressed. International monitors witnessed widespread vote box theft in 2007, and while the situation improved in 2011, ballot-rigging remained widespread. Those caught up in the conflict have experienced brutal violence, lost family, friends and homes, lived with acute and sustained levels of stress in poor conditions, seen their communities torn apart and had little or no access to life-saving services such as health and education. Most urban areas in Nigeria have grown beyond their environmental carrying capacities and existing infrastructure and this has resulted in increased poor quality of the living conditions in urban areas in Nigeria. 10. In this situation, a state of emergency can deepen the unitary structure. The administration has also pledged an equitable transfer of wealth to the people, which should be implemented. k Q _rels/.rels ( J1mizY`Hfn2$ooDjc&0OScj0\c-;0Y)xb`Gk)WQ8.SBzM]bf4{o! (| ;v!xI*hFgV.&>8'-?6"8W[ PK ! Resource Management: Tensions frequently arise when it comes to the control of the countrys natural resources. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Recommended: Best businesses to start with N100k in Nigeria and be successful. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide7.xml.rels _En ] ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.rels ( N0&)ef`6d&FpDhImF'..| ahJWRMBHeV"&/ "4&W'tY:UIiL{KNKhKpc-Ox4 Inequality: This is due to the governments and its agencies apparent favoring of people or regions belonging to one tribe over another. 13/05/2020. There are over 3 million people internally displaced in Nigeria, forced to flee in their homes in the North-East by insurgency and conflict. 2. Graduates are usually required to live with their parents for lengthy periods, which can lead to discontent and pessimism. . Porous Borders One major immediate factor which has enhanced insecurity in Nigeria is the porous frontiers of the country, where individual movements are largely untracked. PK ! Water resources and railways have similar problems with insufficiency and corruption. Search and rescue (SAR) and disaster management in Nigeria. 500,000 job hopefuls were in a rush to apply for roughly 5,000 openings in Nigerias immigration agency in 2014, and 16 people were murdered in a melee. All these variables of crimes and social maladies have made the Nigerian security environment to be complex. Failure of successive administrations in Nigeria to address challenges of poverty, unemployment, and inequitable distribution of wealth among ethnic nationalities is one of the major causes of insecurity in the country. The Nigerian government requires a rebirth. Some of the current conflicts in the country may be traced back to this forced union. World Bank on the investment climate in nine African countries in which it was found that 29% of business operators in Africa and 36% in Nigeria perceived insecurity as a major constraint on investment. All of these values which made society secured and safe have all gradually been thrown away and lost. Following the military's truly outstanding performance after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, there were calls for active-duty troops to take a more robust - and even leading - role in disaster operations, to include law enforcement. Despite these efforts, the level of insecurity in the country is still high. The process of developing visionary leadership can be challenging, but however, it can be overcome by using institutions of the Nigerian constitution as a nursery ground to produce leaders with national outlook and with a missionary zeal to transform the nation. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide3.xml.rels Nigeria's problems in the education sector have made it hard for the system to churn out market-ready graduates. This is so because the association of different component units will make the . Also, this avenue was used to pay tributes to the late Chairman of Protection plus Services limited and Director of the Nigeria South Africa Chamber of Commerce, Dr. Ubong King. Reconsider travel to Nigeria due to crime, terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, and maritime crime. A situation where the country earns a great deal of revenue through oil sales but fails to use these earnings to meet the needs of its people and to develop infrastructure as well as the economy. The argument here is that Nigeria has the resources to provide for the needs of its people, but corruption in public offices at all levels has made it impossible for officeholders to focus on the provision of basic needs for the people Nigerian situation as a Paradox of Plenty. There are also circumstances when employees of a business enterprise become victims of the attack and the firm losses its experienced staff through death or injury. Emergencies always occur without any warning. Such that there is the temptation to lose sight of the fact that such a declaration can also arise due to natural disasters and calamity as provided for under section 305(3)(e). The challenge in solving the insecurity problem in Nigeria is to accelerate the pace of development. Radical Change in Values A paradigm shift of values from the current order has also been suggested and emphasized by many, considering the role of values in the governance system, leadership developmental goals, and behavior towards corruption. ppt/slides/_rels/slide12.xml.rels A particular feature of the current state of emergency is the unusually large number of persons that have been detained as a result of it: These include high civil servants, prominent business people, religious leaders, trade unionists and other civic leaders. According to Amnesty International, hundreds of oil leaks occur each year in Nigerias Niger Delta, owing to pipe degradation, sabotage, and carelessness on the part of oil firms. 6 Bayelsa State - Yenagoa. During the enforcement of emergency rule, however, these principles might not be adhered to. Insecurity limits market availability. There is also the need to modernize the security agencies with training, intelligence sharing, advanced technology, logistics, motivation, and change of orientation. The president can also make the decision in a situation in which the governor of the state fails within a reasonable time to make a request. In addition, Nigeria has consistently ranked low in the Global Peace Index (GPI, 2012), signifying a worsened state of insecurity in the country. Our law enforcement agencies must therefore be incorruptible and fair. 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They apply for employment but are not recruited due to a lack of qualifications. Recommended: Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society. In addition, when government decisions are products of subjective rather than objective considerations, states of emergency can be used to settle political scores or advance parochial interests. The general view is that peace and security are determined by good governance. Students who attend tertiary education institutes frequently leave with no employment and low morale. This situation has the damaging consequence of giving a signal to the international community that Nigeria is not a safe and secure place and as such not suitable for investment and business activities. c\# 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide1.xml.relsj0=wW;,e)C>!mQ[:o1tx_?],(AC+lt>~n_'\08c 1\0JhA1Q!K-_I}4Qg{m^0xKO;-G*|ZY#@N5 PK ! A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. 1~LaRS\&i1PPABwcg6GMH\(>hN{K(wx{ PK ! The last is when the president receives a request to declare a state of emergency from a state governor. However, Nigeria in recent times has witnessed an unprecedented level of insecurity such as Boko Haram activities, banditry, kidnapping, Fulani-Herders-Farmers clashes that resulted in Ondo State issuance of Quit notice to Fulanis in the State. This perception stems from the perception of marginalization by a section of the people, government development policies, and political offices and this has become a primary source of disaffection and resentment. This is because corruption affects practically all Nigerians on a daily basis, not only crooked politicians. In addition, the security situation remains serious in Nigeria. 019-V#2z`TFi*kgv1#TQ\R{GqZ~'tX"_3`Nei@'v\r(%G%rP]v="C?%0(f_p kbUG9(fTL1&_*"ry3g^CB?' PK ! Institutions remain weak with insufficiently protected property, rights, high corruption, and undue influence. Unemployment: In Nigeria, unemployment is spreading like a virus. Boko Haram kidnapped roughly 276 Chibok schoolgirls on the night of the 14th and 15th of April in 2014. Corruption manifests itself in a variety of ways and infiltrates all political and economic organizations. This organization has filed a lawsuit against the government for control of money derived from the sale of crude oil produced in their territory. Read the entire Travel Advisory. Also see: Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet. A large number of the Nigerian population is frustrated and have lost hope, especially the youths, and have now emerged to express their disillusion about the pervasive state of inequality. 2. According to a source, the females were between the ages of 17 and 18. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. I what to know the genesis of thi Below are 10 causes of insurgencies in Nigeria. Between 2001 and 2006, just $50 million of the $240 million needed for road repairs was paid. In Nigeria, cases that bother on corruption and insecurity have most often been compromised. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 as amended empowers the country's President in section 305 to declare a State Emergency in the whole country or any part thereof if the country is involved in any crisis situation caused by either human beings or natural phenomena such as earthquake, floods, erosion etc. To ensure all this, there must be incentives, good conditions of service, and social security. The state of insecurity in the country besides the issue of lack of regular electricity supply, which itself is a source of economic insecurity in the country is repelling investors. It is a normal political instrument that can be used under extraordinary circumstances that threaten the survival and national security of Nigeria. 5. The security challenges in Anambra State over the past weeks do not in any way qualify for the proclamation of a state of emergency. In addition, insecurity destroys existing infrastructure and also prevents an environment for the development of further infrastructure; and a safe environment for economic activities by individuals to give them economic empowerment that will enable households not only to cater for their present generations but also to provide for future generations. N5 PK and build greater trust among all tribes and SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT next time I.. 50 million of the countries in the source, it can be used under extraordinary that. Serious in Nigeria [: o1tx_ crooked politicians available to consumers these individuals serious in Nigeria unrest or a disaster. 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