/GS17 35 0 R endobj Since 2010, we have successfully represented children across the country to obtain new sentences. endobj 21 0 obj Several definitions of restorative justice can be found, but at the heart of most of these definitions is the conviction that those most directly involved in a crime (individual victims, offenders, families of victims and offenders, and victimized communities) should be central in responding to the harm caused by crime. << Unlike other forms, more than 80% of hepatitis C infections become chronic and lead to liver disease. endstream endobj 1648 0 obj <>/Metadata 157 0 R/Names 1674 0 R/Outlines 306 0 R/Pages 1635 0 R/StructTreeRoot 313 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 1649 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 1650 0 obj <>stream Many children prosecuted as adults suffer from untreated mental illness. 20 0 obj 9 0 obj 4 [288 0 R 289 0 R 290 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R /Subtype /Type1 1693 0 obj <>stream Staff training. But research shows that imprisonment only prevents crime for a short time, while offenders are behind bars but rarely after they leave prison. /CS /DeviceRGB u]5&T07CTG{)DJ(/\:jSj-RMHgYw{X>eOI FLm|IgPtHN9Wo3x%7RzJ0XNXuH6xZ-0#".x7FLu87zw/5?{?y-?l[mhFbZ`Mz/eheLhk"[rh,yDM 1* But current reforms rarely reach violent offenders who make up nearly half of the population of state and federal prisons on any given day. In _________________, the U.S. Supreme Court found that federal law does not allow rehabilitation to be used as a factor when handing down a sentence. >> << 742 0 R 743 0 R] Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, . The Irish Mark System, developed by Lawrence Driscoll in 1794, established probation and parole requirements for Irish-born offenders in what were then English-ruled colonies. 551 0 R 552 0 R 553 0 R 554 0 R 555 0 R 556 0 R 557 0 R 557 0 R 558 0 R 559 0 R Unlike adults with mental illness, children have very limited experience managing their disabilities, anxieties, fear, and trauma. /Group << /Widths [250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R Under presumptive sentencing guidelines, the governor sets the penalties for criminal acts. /Parent 2 0 R endobj /F1 23 0 R Forfeiture involves the government seizing property that was derived from or used in criminal activity. >> 588 0 R 589 0 R 590 0 R 591 0 R 592 0 R 593 0 R 594 0 R 595 0 R 596 0 R 597 0 R endobj 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 0 If a judge wants to depart from the federal sentencing guidelines, he or she must justify that departure in writing. /GS16 34 0 R >> x5 Explore our library and get Criminal Justice Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. 16 Page(s). /Contents 41 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis syndrome are life-threatening reactions that can result in death. Each year, judges transfer dozens of children under 14 to adult court. For many reasons, imprisonment can actually increase violent behavior after people are released. endobj Every state in America has capacity to house juveniles separate from adults but many refuse to do so.3 Sarah Hockenberry & Anthony Sladky, Juvenile Residential Facility Census, 2016: Selected Findings, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Dec. 2016). hb```"V FE+SH`nwpo(4f4FR>lx /GS17 35 0 R $Further information available to you reveals the following five items (all financial figures reported in millions of yuan). /Type /Group /StructParents 6 /Resources << The Court recognized that the ways in which children are different from adults have to be considered in sentencing. b. learning lessons. /Tabs /S 570 0 R 571 0 R 572 0 R 573 0 R 574 0 R 575 0 R 576 0 R 577 0 R 578 0 R 579 0 R Which of the following is NOT a primary feature of probation? Before sentencing takes place in felony cases, it is common for the courts probation staff to conduct a: What policy promotes sentencing repeat offenders to long prison terms while granting first-time and. 368 0 R 369 0 R 370 0 R 371 0 R 372 0 R 373 0 R 374 0 R 375 0 R 376 0 R 377 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] >> /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] /ExtGState << {NN3eUe{f~D*.*3[i.q\CW82^l1 >pCpgscmDm4p~ 7ySv[Vq7jf3x> 20Yve{wr/zzU<14Zf3{u2y%)L6k7rbEax$ET]T'; 3Yjf|ae$/S@s~0 /Group << 593 0 R 594 0 R 595 0 R 596 0 R 597 0 R 598 0 R 599 0 R 600 0 R 601 0 R 602 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] /Parent 2 0 R 677 0 R 678 0 R 679 0 R 762 0 R 684 0 R 685 0 R 686 0 R 687 0 R 688 0 R 689 0 R /Resources << HW]o|_wv=" ,2`M*2DQ&)8XA? Instant Download Sample Chapters 1. Much of the institutional programming provided to offenders is geared toward /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] /Contents 38 0 R Government figures show that an African American male born today has a one in three chance of spending at least a year in prison at some point in his life. /Marked true Only 4 feet, 3 inc, In this cartoon, Boss Tweed welcomes choleraa skeletal figure of death carrying a handbag from Asi, Comparison of Principles of Abstinence-Only and Comprehensive Sex Education in the Public School Sys. endobj Law is created by the_____branch of government. Explore our library and get Criminal Justice Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. Which goal of punishment is designed to prevent others from committing similar crimes? /Type /Group >> << It focuses more on treatment and offering services to penal agents. Punishment that is based on "getting even" for violating the social contract is known as: Which position on punishment is most closely linked to retribution? After decades of imprisoning more and more people, U.S. policymakers have recently started focusing on alternative punishments and shorter sentences for many non-violent offenders have reduced the numbers of prisoners. >> >> /Group << The New York System was first adopted in Auburn, New York and focused on the belief that most prisoners would benefit from the experience of incarceration, especially isolation. y$5j%j~[ R!x!h.6hZ@s@V v@cA{h~&@?z'AEJt 8`qFt& ";0 +fJ7b%pR`g 1+5i~0%^e`e !k_x7n5` f y}t[n&t0f2|^7 $ gkR@hz g`wZ XrIz >> Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of community corrections acts (CCA)? \hline \text{Net Income}&31,921 \\ Third-party custody occurs when the court assigns custody of the defendant to an individual or agency that promises to ensure his or her later appearance in court. Homework Clinic is a free homework helpline for anyone who signs-up. Eleven states have no minimum age for trying children as adults: Alaska, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, and West Virginia. 348 0 R 349 0 R 350 0 R 351 0 R 352 0 R 353 0 R 354 0 R 355 0 R 356 0 R 357 0 R 13. 'nqy'&mw8nr75X, un hv|P,L2~w8*NI'*-Js)Ug>FfO EvIQVx0EJWq#$p_Ph9N -XcG=Vr$dTx_a)u~HjNb Assignment of probation to the executive branch on a statewide basis allows for uniform standards of policy making. /FirstChar 32 >> The most widely used type of sentence today is: A____________ bond is a money bond levied to ensure the return of a criminal defendant for trial, allowing the defendant to remain in the community prior to trial. endobj /CreationDate (D:20151205115253+07'00') /Filter /FlateDecode /Parent 2 0 R x[[o~Gb"l; 0VbZ{Id$JIss{n%>f/vC}Sq6mYW7_^[fWkr=\_|2t}EIQ3%)I#`~B\_Y__bY-K u]J|^?*_T(@,WT.Xx3YD9+/cmuj/ &EQkFn~E~G,,$I*k0J%=#/-J,Wr1*m/ZR?='Tc :7#Z!%y=HE* ,RIE(jeFl`\"WBV_UE. 528 0 R 529 0 R 530 0 R 531 0 R 532 0 R 533 0 R 534 0 R 535 0 R 536 0 R 537 0 R A signature bond is usually given for minor offenses, such as minor traffic offenses, and is based on the defendant's written promise to appear in court. endobj In order to meet their specific intended goals, intermediate sanctions are usually not used conjunction with one another. 3 0 obj /Parent 2 0 R << 725 0 R 726 0 R 727 0 R 728 0 R 729 0 R 730 0 R 731 0 R 732 0 R 733 0 R 734 0 R In reference to a type of bail known as percentage bail, the defendant deposits a portion of the bail amount, usually 10 %, with the court clerk. 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 Joe Sullivan was just 13 years old when he was charged as an adult with sexual assault and sentenced to die in prison. Intermediate sanctions fall along a continuum ranging from least intrusive (fines and community service) to most intrusive (house arrest, electronic monitoring). /ExtGState << /Title (Corrections Today 2nd Edition Siege Test Bank) Some 4,500 children are housed in adult jails and prisons on any given day in America.2 Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Statistical Briefing Book (1993-2017) and Statistical Briefing Book(2000-2017). That ban allowed EJI to focus on some 3000 people who were sentenced to life imprisonment without parole for offenses committed when they were 17 or younger. A type of probation in which the probationer is not supervised is: Individuals who would agree to make themselves responsible for offenders who had been released from custody are called: Nearly ____________________ of all probationers have been convicted of a violent offense, such as assault, sexual assault, and domestic violence. Fines are more frequently used in cases involving: An intensive form of short-term community supervision that also requires attendance is the: Prerelease centers for inmates that also serve as an intermediate sanction for probationers are called ______________and include probation centers, restitution centers, county work- release centers, and therapeutic communities. >> After decades of imprisoning more and more people, U.S. policymakers have recently started focusing on alternative punishments - and shorter sentences for many non-violent offenders have reduced the numbers of prisoners. j+M>wl^c{;^KB{N An intensive form of short-term community supervision that also requires attendance is the, The practice that permits convicted offenders to remain free if they agreed to take care of their debt. /Parent 2 0 R /Contents 46 0 R << 5 0 obj d. deterrence. 707 0 R 708 0 R 709 0 R 710 0 R 711 0 R 712 0 R 713 0 R 714 0 R] 7 [459 0 R 460 0 R 461 0 R 462 0 R 463 0 R 464 0 R 465 0 R 466 0 R 467 0 R 468 0 R "6&YwrWX~Aysgyf fnHL,vh61e3spH^M\#bw5. ^ [la1@.Wf3"Y#fmOY49w d6kls 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R /Font << Children housed in an adult jail or prison are up to 9 times more likely to commit suicide than those in juvenile facilities. John Howard was responsible for building the first prison in the United States, the Heritage House, in Philadelphia Pennsylvania in 1794. /Font << For example, offenders guilty of less serious acts of domestic violence can be assigned to programs that have proved able to change gender expectations and substantially reduce this kind of offense. endobj Many kids who are transferred to adult court for criminal prosecution are automatically placed in adult jails and prisons.5 Patrick Griffin et al, Trying Juveniles as Adults: An Analysis of State Transfer Laws and Reporting, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Sept. 2011). /Group << b. SeaBreeze included financial income of$25,800 as part of Revenues, and financial expenses of $12,000 as part of Cost of Sales. /StructParents 3 aG<1hv-8rWb>-Ay"rySvj{y)J s A ____________________ is a prison in which persons found guilty of a felony are isolated from normal society. /ExtGState << 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 745 0 R n r V u?Y) LG%P&.O3+!yP. Half of all detainees being held in jail are misdemeanants who could not make bail. /Tabs /S /InlineShape /Sect >> If violent offenders are not simply locked up, what could be done instead? /Encoding /Identity-H >> As controlled environments, prisons do prevent inmates from engaging in violence in the community while they are incarcerated. A) paying for their crimes.B) learning lessons.C) serving short sentences.D) serving short sentences. /CS /DeviceRGB _____________________ generally involves suspension of the offender's sentence in return for the promise of good behavior in the community while under supervision of the courts. /Resources << National Prison Rape Elimination Commission Report, Easy Access to Juvenile Court Statistics, Delinquency Cases Waived 2008-2017. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 468 0 R 469 0 R 470 0 R 471 0 R 472 0 R 473 0 R 474 0 R 475 0 R 476 0 R 477 0 R /A 774 0 R /StructParents 9 1 [117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R 120 0 R 121 0 R 122 0 R 123 0 R 124 0 R 125 0 R 126 0 R [emailprotected], The Juvenile Death Penalty Today: Death Sentences and Executions for Juvenile Crimes, January 1, 1973 February 28, 2005. << 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R /Resources << 253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R 256 0 R 257 0 R 258 0 R 259 0 R 260 0 R 261 0 R 262 0 R >> /LastChar 116 \hline\text{Gross Profit}& 154,039 \\ /F4 42 0 R Restitution is the most popular model of restorative justice. << Community based interventions can do more than imprisonment to keep communities safe, and at much lower cost. As controlled environments, prisons, This research demonstrates that imprisonment has. /S /Transparency The most common form of criminal sanction during the 20th century was: The ____________________ is a correctional approach aimed at returning offenders to the community as soon as possible. << %PDF-1.5 13 0 obj 518 0 R 519 0 R 520 0 R 521 0 R 522 0 R 523 0 R 524 0 R 525 0 R 526 0 R 527 0 R 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. Question 2 Punishment that is based on getting even for violating the social contract is known as: a. retribution. /Font << /Subtype /TrueType /F2 24 0 R /Type /Group Beccaria and Bentham both believed that the goal of punishment should be deterrence, not revenge. To meet their specific intended goals, intermediate sanctions are usually not used conjunction with another... Violating the social contract is known as: a. retribution /Group > > < community. Paying for their crimes.B ) learning lessons.C ) serving short sentences.D ) serving short sentences /type /Group >... 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