Heifers generally come into milk at about two years of age.Potentialyield: 25 litres/day and 4.3% butter fat.Average body size: Medium (average live-weight 475 kg). Crossbreeding programs using purebred sires from major dairy breeds in Table 1 offer the considerable advantages of genetic evaluations and a wide choice of service sires through AI. 2020-41595-30123 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. It is hardy and adaptable to varied AEZs. The depth of eye muscle, marbling, even fat cover and ratio of hind to forequarter make the Boran difficult to beat, hence the preference of Kenya butchers for young, well-finished Boran steers. Bulls, however, are another story. Population size and young sire sampling efforts, as well as production characteristics are important when choosing breeds. Here are some factors to consider when designing a crossbreeding program given that almost all producers choose to include the breed of cows currently in the herd by default: Crossbreeding plans should take advantage of the genetic resources available in pure breeds. When compared to other sources of energy like oil and gas, wind energy has the potential to last for a longer time and ensure undisrupted supply. Guernseys live and produce longer. To avail the production data to the Livestock Recording Centre which is responsible for progeny testing and to the Bull Purchasing Committee for the Contract Mating Program. Dairy Cattle Business Management and Dairy Farm Labor, Dairy Cattle Mastitis and Milking Management, Dairy Cattle Nutrition of Milking and Dry Dairy Cows. Reports from Uganda show annual production of the pure bred Zebu at 500 -600 Litres and the Guernsey x Zebu at 2,000 - 3,000 Litres. Dogs KAR Lanet, PO Box 1275, Nakuru Guernsey breeders selected their cattle for consistency of color, ranging from fawn to golden, with white spotting and golden skin. 2. When trading inbreedingcattle, it is often found that registration with the Kenya stud book, will more than double the price of your animals. Distinct objectives are essential to a breeding plan aiming to improve our livestock breeds for better future profitability such as: 2. 5. The Guernsey is one of three Channel Island cattle breeds, the others being the Alderney now extinct and the Jersey. Three factors represent the main advantages of WFH: (i) work-life balance, (ii) improved work efficiency and (iii) greater work control. Complete identity of crossbred cows offers the important advantages of maintaining genetic evaluations within pure breeds for future sire selection decisions, The original strains of the breed came from Ethiopia and were adopted early in the 20th Century by commercial cattlemen in Laikipia, Machakos and the Rift Valley Districts of Kenya. Marimba Farm PO Box 32 Meru 3. Between 1970 and 1990, annual registrations of purebred calves dropped by 60%. Water One explanation for this high fertility is that the cow has relatively low body weight loss over the suckling period, thereby maintaining a good condition, thus able to conceive again. The Ayrshire breed originated from the county of Ayr in Scotland, prior to 1800. The mixing of these two breeds is such that now many Friesians are 25% to 75% Holstein. She is the ideal cow for intensive grazing. A product of her Island home, the island of Guernsey situated in the English Channel off the coast of France. The coat is red or fawn (wheat-coloured), and may or may not be pied red-and-white or fawn-and-white. Essentially, one can get many of the benefits of two breeds of cattle in the first generation of a cross by using unrelated parent stock. (The Jersey breed was developed on the neighboring island of Jersey, and the two breeds are related.) The rump is long, wide and muscular in the male and the buttocks are well fleshed. Repeatability and heritability are two kinds of observation that the breeder can use. Individuals selected must possess desirable characteristics which have good repeatability and heritability and will, therefore, be passed on to offspring. Faith Advantages: This effect even extends to crosses between breeds of cattle, which is why crossbreeding programs are popular (for producing cattle for beef operations, for instance). ADC Sabwani Complex, PO Box 680 Kitale, Fleckviehhas usually a white head and tail andred (brown) coat, Purpose: Meat and milk productionAverage body size: Large (average live-weight 750 kg)Description: Body color brown andwhite or black and white, 1. The Boran society was formed in 1951 and its panel of inspectors continues to ensure that the breed progresses and keeps up to date with the demands of modern beef production. Rotational crossbreeding plans, particularly with three breeds, can maintain substantial heterosis, but maintaining a rotational crossbreeding program requires careful record keeping and planning. Planned breeding programs yield the best results when the breeder considers the production and other trait characteristics in individual cows and how they can be passed on to offspring. Both two- and three-breed systems are simple enough to manage, even in very large herds, by placing a different color ear tag in offspring of different sire breeds. Selection may be direct or indirect. Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) Katuke Complex, PO Box 1392-30200 Kitale 2. Keeping animals with proper Ancestry and identification records. The effectiveness of indirect selection depends upon the correlation between two traits. In response to demand, protein percentages have been raised across the breed and herd protein levels of 3.4% to 3.5% are not uncommon. The Guernsey was the result. High production potential with good management and good feeding. The most impressive advantage of wind energy is that it is a form of renewable energy, which means we never run out of supply. They are cost-effective. The Guernsey was bred on the Channel Island of Guernsey; it is first documented in the nineteenth century, and its origins are unknown. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Two-breed rotational systems maintain 67 percent of full heterosis and do create bigger swings from generation to generation for traits where the two-parent breeds differ greatly. The Guernsey has been developed over many centuries to become one of the world's leading specialist dairy breeds. A distinctive characteristic of the breed is the golden color of its milk, which results from exceptionally high levels of carotene, a precursor to Vitamin A. Golden milk, which actually indicates nutritional value but may deter some customers. Ololua Farm (Carol Rees) PO Box 21007 Nairobi, Tel-891015 The Guernsey Cattle Club was formed in 1877. Properly identified crossbred animals contribute to genetic evaluations of their purebred sires in the current USDA genetic evaluation system, the all breed animal model. 2. Within the East and Central Africa region, Kenya has the highest number of exotic dairy cattle. 7. 12. The colour of the Guernsey varies from yellow to reddish-brown with white patches. Promotion of proper animal identification. Please check this link first if you are interested in organic or specialty dairy production. ADC Lanet Farm PO B0x 1124-20100 Nakuru Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions. Guernseys have a calving interval that is comparable to other breeds and can be bred to calve at around two years of age. Guernseys are very popular for crossbreeding purposes. During the 1970's Holsteins were imported from the United States and used to improve the milk production. For traits displaying a lot of hybrid vigor, backcross performance may decline, depending on additive breed merit of the pure breeds involved. In contrast to disadvantage, there are a lot of advantages of Brown swiss cattle. 1. Bennet Cassell, Virgina Polytechnic and State University (Virginia Tech) Animal Genetics and Infonet team Disadvantages: Guernsey milk contains 12% more protein, 30% more cream, 33% more vitamin D, 25% more vitamin A and 15% more calcium than average milk. Global sire sampling efforts are important in evaluating the potential for genetic progress within a breed. , rates the breed highly as a first breed for novice drovers. This is of real economic benefit to cheese plants, giving a firmer curd, increased volume and better cheese characteristics. We know less than we need to know about some of the breeds in Table 1 for these characteristics, but we are learning fast as first crosses of Normande, Montebeliarde, and the Scandinavian breeds appear in U.S. dairy herds. Knowledge of breed strengths breed additive genetic merit is only one piece in the crossbreeding puzzle, however. [3]:192, The Guernsey is a dairy breed, and generally is reared for that purpose only. The effectiveness of indirect selection depends upon the correlation between two traits. 8. Although Guernseys are not as frail as commercial Holsteins, they are still prone to a variety of health problems ranging from lung problems to udder infections. Sanctuary Farm PO Box 244-20177 Naivasha [3]:192[7] The milk also has a high butterfat content of 5% and a high protein content of 3.7%. Ayrshire milk is referred as "the ideal drinking milk"; it is not excessively rich, not lacking adequate fat, and it possesses desirable quantities of proteins.Potential yield: 30 litres/day, 4,7% butter fat, depending on feeding and management.Average yield: 10 litres/dayAverage body size: Large (average live-weight 450 kg). The Guernsey is the result of two centuries of continuous breed development and improvement. Loruk Farm PO Box 104-10400 Nanyuki The term for crossbred performance relative to the parent average is hybrid vigor, or heterosis. The UK debate The UK government has progressively increased its ambitions for UK emissions reductions relative to 1990 levels over the past two decades. 2. They generally have no birthing problems and are fertile. Both the dewlap and umbilical folds are well developed. Field Crops When not pursuing hobbies ranging from music to gardening to birdwatching, she can usually be found researching or writing about her many interests. By using this site you are agreeing to our terms of use. Steel-grey with black points is not uncommon. The Guernsey produces rich and flavoursome milk. Friesians and their crossbreeds are predominant in Kenya particularly in Central Kenya and Central Rift Valley. Nutrition The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. 2. Some of these problems are probably due to the increase of inbreeding in this breed. The decrease in fitness that results from such inbreeding is known as inbreeding depression. WebAdvantages and Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels Advantages: Fossil fuels can generate a large amount of electricity at a single location. Sunset Farm PO Box 13366-20100 Nakuru Thus, when only one homebred sire is used, the decrease in heterozygosity (variability) in each generation is 12.5 percent. Good grazer, adaptable to variety of climates and conditions, Copyright 2020 | ALL RIGHTS RESERVED | PO BOX 477, 33 Hillsboro St, Pittsboro, NC 27312 |, How to Shear a Sheep & Why Its Important, They make a good family cow because they are a medium size and easy to milk. 1. Owners should also be aware that the Guernsey reaches puberty at a young age. The light coat color allows them to tolerate heat better than some of the Advantages of a corporation include personal liability protection, business security and continuity, and easier access to capital. The world is Producing annually volumes for registered pedigree and grade livestock. 2. S. K. Sheetal, NKJ Pandey, Anoo p Singh, Shiv Prasad and H. P. Gupta . The Guernsey cow is adaptable to any climate. Genes determine the way animals look. In Africa there are two main races of Cattle:Bos indicus(cattle with humps) including the Boran, Sahiwal and Zebu cows (indigenous) and theBos taurus(exotic or imported breeds). 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