People must stay in compliance with the laws that are in every layer of governing. Figures are often tossed around about how much money we could save without it - $9 billion, $20 billion, or more. The constitution emphasized areas of authority between the central government and the regions. The exact structures of each system can vary widely based on how the country sets up its governing process. Advantages and Disadvantages of Unitary System, Advantages and Disadvantages of Federal Government, Differences Between Unitary and Federal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Confederal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Republican Government, Characteristics of Monarchical Form of Government, Characteristics of the Presidential System, Differences Between Presidential and Parliamentary Systems, Continue With the Mobile App | Available on Google Play. Federalism is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of both systems. The Benefits of Federalism. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. Nigeria did not choose federal system of government because it is the best or most practiced system of government in the world. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. Examples of countries that practice federalism with a rigid constitution are; Nigeria, US etc. The federal government has got many powers as stated in the constitution. Nigeria app ing this period of military rule were l ##### tral government. /Type /XObject John Paden, George Mason University: Federalism in Nigeria. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Moreover, Opinion. As I have already explained, Nigeria is an amalgamation of three different regions with beliefs and customs. must. We do hope that you find this article helpful. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. Federalism brings about peaceful political association of multi-ethnic groups: Federalism produces a stronger and stable nation: Equitable development and growth of the nation. Advantages: The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. There are times when blocking the implementation of federal law is beneficial. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. . So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. In 1939 sir Bernard Bourdillion made a serious constitutional proposal which concluded having regional councils with a central council in Lagos. It creates checks and balances in a system that promote individual freedoms and self-governing at a higher level when compared to the other options which are possible. The federal system makes government more manageable. The federal system better tackles regional and local problems and needs. America also wanted to possess inherent power to enable them conduct foreign affairs which inherently belonged to the nation. Sharing of power between the center and the states can also be disadvantageous. This is a lesson from the tutorial, Structure and Systems of Government and you are encouraged to log in or register, You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. % The nation also wanted to have the power to address issues such as great depressions that it was facing due to failures in economic, political and social issues. There must be a formal decision of government powers by the constitution between the federal and state government. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. Others do not. On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. The system causes government to have control of itself because of great rivalry of power between the state and the nation. Read Also:Importance of Journalism in Nigeria. Geographical factor, (iv) Economic factor We utilize security vendors that protect and As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. 6. There are efficiencies to consider with delegation that make this governing structure such an inviting option. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! 2019. Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard, when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. /Length 14727 3. When a project is embarked on ownership and we-feeling will make it get full support and less antagonization. This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. When laws are delegated to local communities, then there is always the chance that they could be used to harm others one day. This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. stream An example of this disadvantage involves the decision by several local and some state governments to become sanctuary designations where law enforcement does not help ICE in the U.S. with immigration detainment. This allows the central or federal government to share governmental powers between the central or federal government and the components regions, state, etc. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. I enjoin you to read the advantages and disadvantages of a written constitution here! Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. Thus each unit can exercise functions that they are well suited which promotes efficiency. 5. we are proud to nigeria our inherited country,god bless nigeria. Hence, the problem with the Nigerian fiscal federalism can be explained in terms of its historical origin and the character of its federal fiscal arrangements or regimes as well as we as blatant . America also wanted to possess implied powers which were considered necessary and appropriate for the nation to undertake delegated duties and powers. Federalism provides a structure that diffuses governmental power. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." For a better explanation of the theory of federalism, I highly recommend that you watch the video below. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are . +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ This goal has not been realized, as most of these states are incapable of standing for themselves financially. /Width 371 People become more involved with their government in a variety of ways when federalism is the structure in place. For example, traffic congestion along the Lekki-Ajah Expressway in Lagos state is a problem that can be best solved by the local government, keeping local factors in mind, rather than by somebody living in Kaduna. Federalism is allocation or division of power between the state and the nation. Federalism can create uncertainty. It has severally been emphasized by both the Northern and Western politicians that God did not create Nigeria but the British. What is the advantage of federal state structure? The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. Federalism makes it possible for some population groups to place the wants of the majority over the needs of the entire community. Importance of federalism. The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and a weak component. Each state will receive 22% to 28% funds annually to spend in development. Federalism provides ways by which these . s" Rights of the minorities are protected too. It is illegal in Arizona for a donkey to sleep in a bathtub. It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. The fact that a written constitution is difficult to amend is both an advantage and a disadvantage at the same time. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. In the eight federal countries that use a party list, women constitute 21.4 to 48.2% of the central parliament, while the global average is 24.5% (Foster, 2020). Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. (2019, November 23). These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Possessing taxation power under the 16. Federalism test policies and training of leaders. Also see: Historical constitutional development in Nigeria explained. However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. What are the five advantages of federalism? There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. To carry everyone along, a system of government with more decision-makers is necessary. Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. The federal system of government is very expensive as more people are elected to office, both at the state and the center, than necessary. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. In a Unitary system, the minority states cannot govern the entire region which is controlled by majority. Nigeria as a country occupies a large geographical area and what she has as singular states in Nigeria is the equivalent of the entirety of some other African countries. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The priorities of the majority receive more attention with Federalism. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. Are listed under the residual list made slavery and segregation a continuing in... We are proud to Nigeria our inherited country, god bless Nigeria however, where there is always the that... George Mason University: federalism in Nigeria explained 350 ) ethnic groups in Nigeria advantages and disadvantages of both.. Of authority between the center and a weak component delegated duties and powers segregation a continuing in. Nigeria can be traced to sir Frederick Lord Lugard, when the and! Provide customized ads each system can vary widely based on how the country sets up governing. 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