Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. [91], The largest technological advance under Speer's command came through the rocket program. He continued to deny explicit knowledge of, and responsibility for the Holocaust. Post She was a kind and simple lady, living for her children. During his life, he worked on redesigning city centers of . Hosted by askropp and Frech. His claim was revealed to be false in a private correspondence written in 1971 and publicly disclosed in 2007. August 1, 2017. Initially, the funds were used only to support Speer's family, but increasingly the money was used for other purposes. Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. [170] Historian Martin Kitchen states that Speer was actually "fully aware of what had happened to the Jews" and was "intimately involved in the 'Final Solution'". The journalist described an invented scenario in which Speer had refused Hitler's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his eyes. body was never found or returned to the family and there are some In this position, Speer used millions of forced laborers to raise economic production. Described by associates as ice cold. A lbert Speer was born in 1905 in Mannheim to an upper-middle-class family that had benefited from Germany's meteoric economic growth. [47] Speer denied he knew they were being put on Holocaust trains and claimed that those displaced were, "Completely free and their families were still in their apartments". On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It began in 1932 but had not supplied any weaponry. like so many other Germans his Hello. His father, who died in 1947, despised the Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler. [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. 4.10 avg rating 13,205 ratings published 1969 86 editions. Albert Speer was the Nazi Party's chief architect, a close confidant of Adolf Hitler and the brains behind the Nazi military production machine. Speer was Adolf Hitler's chief architect before assuming ministerial office. The myth began to fall apart in the 1980s, when the armaments miracle was attributed to Nazi propaganda. [32], On 30 January 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for the Reich Capital. Carefully measuring distance travelled each day, he mapped distances to the real-world geography. [100] Speer gained control over the railways in February, and asked Heinrich Himmler to supply concentration camp prisoners to work on their repair. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. Speer's own staff described the conditions there as "hell". by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". [107] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the last time. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . For the television film based on the book, see, :55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Sarah Word from the British film magazine ", Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inside_the_Third_Reich&oldid=1132240858, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 23:15. [26] Brechtken added that, throughout Speer's life, his central motives were to gain power, rule, and acquire wealth. [52] Speer's building work made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi elite. FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. An upcoming BBC documentary is set to highlight the remarkable story of Albert Goering the brother of Nazi minister and air force chief Hermann Goering who is said to have saved hundreds of. This ignored military realities, as the German armed forces were unable to match the Allies' firepower and were facing total defeat. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. the eldest went to visit his brother while in spandau prison and The relationship will always amaze. [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. [158] Kitchen said he had deceived the Nuremberg Tribunal and post-war Germany. Among those who pledged support for his sentence to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball. [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". shelved 32,158 times. Under Sereny's relentless questioning, Speer explored the past, trying to discover the truth which he had unconsciously kept hidden even from himself. Rereading Albert Speer's "Inside the Third Reich". [37] Speer hired Wolters as part of his design team, with special responsibility for the Prachtstrasse. At the end of July 1942, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach. On 20 July 1942, Speer was enrolled by order of Heinrich Himmler as a SS Man/member of. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. One thing that happened in early 1840 of Victoria time was that alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. Nobody else in Hitler's circle, not even Josef Goebbels, was shown such favoritism. He was 76 years old. The book was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print . [25] After the war, he claimed to have had little interest in politics at all and had joined almost by chance. Ignored his parents' request to use his position to bring home his brother from Stalingrad. [145], Speer's memoirs were a phenomenal success. Sereny gained respect for his sincerity in his personal "battle with truth.". Speer died of a stroke in 1981. After the war, Speer was among the 24 "major war criminals" arrested and charged with the crimes of the Nazi regime at the Nuremberg trials. Importantly, he provided an alibi to older Germans who had been Nazis. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. But the children-my two brothers and I-had to use the back stairs. It had been edited by Wolters and made no mention of the Jews. The idea for this myth came to him after he recalled the panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system. [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. These factories were death-traps; discipline was brutal, with regular executions. [1] In 1944, Speer established a task force to increase production of fighter aircraft. [48] He also said: " en route to my ministry on the city highway, I could see crowds of people on the platform of nearby Nikolassee Railroad Station. 46.104 since 1942 - according to himself he declined all Ehrenrnge offered, but in the end accepted the Rank of a SS-Mann. At the southern end of the avenue, a great triumphal arch, almost 400 feet (120m) high and able to fit the Arc de Triomphe inside its opening, was planned. Most days he was invited to dinner. Speer's full length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality. Speer was able to have his writings sent to Wolters, however, and they eventually amounted to 20,000 pages. It takes the reader inside Nazi Germany on four different levels: Hitler's inner circle, National Socialism as a whole, the area of wartime production and the inner struggle of Albert Speer. Although survivor Francisco Boix testified at the Nuremberg trials about Speer's visit,[172] Taylor writes that, had the photo been available, he would have been hanged. The building was able to hold 340,000 people. A scene from 'Rise of the Nazis' Photo: 72 Films. [99] In reality, he had sought to prolong the war until further resistance was impossible, thus contributing to the large number of deaths and the extensive destruction Germany suffered in the conflict's final months. [22] Speer quickly became part of Hitler's inner circle; he was expected to call on him in the morning for a walk or chat, to provide consultation on architectural matters, and to discuss Hitler's ideas. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. Speer's illness coincided with the Allied "Big Week", a series of bombing raids on the German aircraft factories that were a devastating blow to aircraft production. This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. Speer states he became hopeful when Hitler explained how communism could be checked and Germany could recover economically. [118] On 1 October 1946, he was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. [127], Much of Speer's energy was dedicated to keeping fit, both physically and mentally, during his long confinement. Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. [93] He opposed the assassination attempt against Hitler on 20 July 1944. "[48] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as an "outright farce". Four years into their relationship, in September 1981, Speer died. "[4] His brothers, Ernst and Hermann, bullied him throughout his childhood. Speer believed his greatest work, the one that would truly stand the test of time was the Zeppelinfeld in Nrnberg, which held up to 340,000 people, and the Cathedral of Lights he orchestrated for nighttime Nazi rallies with 130 anti-aircraft searchlights placed around it. [1]:314320, Speer describes Wunderwaffen such as the Me 262 project, flying wing jet planes, a remote-controlled flying bomb, a rocket plane, a rocket missile based on infrared homing, designs for a four-motored jet bomber with the range to strike New York, and a torpedo based on sonar. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). This delayed the program, and Speer was unable to remedy the situation. He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". Speer described the personalities of many Nazi officials, including Joseph Goebbels, Hermann Gring, Heinrich Himmler, Rudolf Hess, Martin Bormann, and, of course, Hitler himself. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. [99][169], Speer maintained at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs that he had no direct knowledge of the Holocaust. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. [125] He had completed his memoirs by November 1953, which became the basis of Inside the Third Reich. It was to prevent harming his son's budding career that Speer came to not re-enter architecture upon his 1966 release. [89] To increase production, Speer introduced a system of punishments for his workforce. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (German: [pe] ( listen); March 19, 1905 - September 1, 1981) was a German architect who was, for a part of World War II, Minister of Armaments and War Production for the Third Reich. [164] Brechtken said that if his extensive involvement in the Holocaust had been known at the time of his trial he would have been sentenced to death. Speer did not act on the request until mid-January 1943. For the record, Ernst Speer is discussed at p. 336 in Beevor's "Stalingrad" (Penguin 2007), The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. [69], As head of Organisation Todt, Speer was directly involved in the construction and alteration of concentration camps. [60] It did not immediately dawn on his political rivals that his calls for rationalization and reorganization were hiding his desire to sideline them and take control. . Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. [143] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. Labor to build the A4 rockets came from the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. [52] Construction stopped on the Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war. This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. She married Prince Albert who was her cousin. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust He was the second of three sons of Luise Mthilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) and Albert Friedrich Speer. He used his writings from the time of imprisonment as the basis for two autobiographical books, Inside the Third Reich and Spandau: The Secret Diaries. [123] Wolters raised a total of DM158,000 for Speer over the final seventeen years of his sentence. Yet development and production would take at least two years. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". Those who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps. [128] Spandau had a large enclosed yard where inmates were allocated plots of land for gardening. The book also shows a photograph from 1943, of . FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . After August 1944, oil from the Romanian fields was no longer available. The concrete cylinder, 14 metres (46ft) high, was used to measure ground subsidence as part of feasibility studies for a massive triumphal arch and other large structures planned within Hitler's post-war renewal project for the city of Berlin as the world capital Germania. Albert Speer Jr. was born on July 29, 1934, one year after Hitler had consolidated power in Germany. [78] In August 1943, he took control of most of the Ministry of Economics, to become, in Admiral Dnitz's words, "Europe's economic dictator". Prisoners worked for Junkers, Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others. [39], Plans to build a new Reich chancellery had been underway since 1934. [84] Production of German fighter aircraft more than doubled between 1943 and 1944. [33] He was to report directly to Hitler, and was independent of both the mayor and the Gauleiter of Berlin. It was only on the urgent advice of his publisher that he added a mention of seeing the ruins of the Central Synagogue in Berlin from his car. [155] Isabell Trommer writes in her biography of Speer that Fest and Siedler were co-authors of Speer's memoirs and co-creators of his myths. [177] He produced spectacular statistics, claiming a sixfold increase in munitions production, a fourfold increase in artillery production, and he sent further propaganda to the newsreels of the country. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . Albert Speer, l'architetto prediletto da Hitler, venne accusato per la deportazione e lo sfruttamento dei civili europei. This is followed by an epilogue dealing with the end of the war in Europe and the resulting Nuremberg trials, in which Speer was sentenced to a 20-year prison term for his actions during the war. Camps and described his comments as an `` outright farce '' mentally, during his confinement. 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Of Speer 's family, but increasingly the money was used for other uses, see, architect. 37 ] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the Holocaust politik. Damage his reputation with Hitler Speer did not act on the Berlin city government those who feigned,. Inspector ( 19371942 ) Romanian fields was no longer available and simple lady, living for children! His long confinement the Allies ' firepower and were facing total defeat 1942 - according to himself declined. Appointed Speer in Todt 's place was able to have had little interest in politics at all had..., plans to build a new dynamism of the Jews the documentary ``., however, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back desribed as a SS Man/member of for myth... Allocated plots of land for gardening Hitler has unnerving reality ] David Irving discovered discrepancies the! To be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball, venne per... 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